Volume
5, No. 4 April, 2024
p ISSN
2723-6927-e ISSN 2723-4339
Herbal For Anxiety In Psychology Case: Bibliometric
Analysis
Salsabila Shafiya1, Irma Finurina
Mustikawati2, Paramita Septianawati3, Glorio Immanuel4
1,2,3,4Faculty of Medicine, University of
Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia
Email: 2irmafinurinamustikawati@ump.ac.id, 3 paramitaseptianawati@ump.ac.id
ABSTRAK
This research aims to carry out an in-depth analysis of the effects of
herbs on anxiety in psychological cases. In order to address the complex character of
anxiety disorders, there is a link between herbal therapies for anxiety in
psychological cases and the integration of psychological and herbal viewpoints.
Herbal treatments provide supplementary options for modifying neurobiological
mechanisms underpinning symptom presentation, whereas psychological therapies
focus on the cognitive, emotional, and behavioural elements of anxiety. Bibliometric analysis was done using
VOSviewer software, and data was taken
from the Scopus database. Data was taken by searching for keywords that were
appropriate to this research, namely "herbal,” “anxiety,” and “psychology.”Herbal remedies are a viable means of
supplementing psychological therapy and fostering overall well-being while
reducing anxiety in psychological problems. In psychological circumstances, the
link between herbal therapies for anxiety entails integrating herbal and
psychological viewpoints to address the intricate interaction of behavioural,
affective, cognitive, and neurobiological components that underlie anxiety
disorders. Healthcare professionals should stay up to date on the
growing body of research supporting herbal therapies and participate in
collaborative decision-making with patients on available treatments, taking
into account each patient's unique preferences, values, and cultural beliefs. The research's methodological approach, which combines
bibliometric analysis with data retrieved from the Scopus database, offers a
methodical and objective way to compile the body of knowledge on herbal
remedies for anxiety in psychiatric problems.
Keywords: Herbal, Anxiety, Psychology, Bibliometric
INTRODUCTION
One of the most common mental health issues in the world, anxiety
disorders have a substantial negative influence on people's quality of life,
productivity, and ability to function in society. The World Health Organization
(WHO) estimates that 264 million people worldwide suffer from anxiety
disorders, making it a significant public health concern. While medication and
psychotherapy are two of the many therapeutic techniques that have historically
been used to reduce anxiety symptoms, there is rising interest in complementary
therapies, including herbal medicines. A range of crippling ailments known as
anxiety disorders are marked by excessive concern, dread, and physiological
arousal. These problems frequently cause severe discomfort and hinder
day-to-day functioning (Alshehri et al., 2023).
Several subcategories of anxiety disorders are recognised by the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), including panic
disorder, social anxiety disorder (SAD), generalised anxiety disorder (GAD),
and specific phobias. When taken as a whole, these illnesses represent one of
the most common groups of mental health diseases worldwide. Anxiety disorders
are common, which highlights their significant effects on people as
individuals, families, and society. Research suggests that comorbid problems
such as depression, substance addiction, and other mental disorders are more common
among people with anxiety disorders, which increases the overall burden of
illness. Additionally, anxiety disorders have a significant financial impact on
healthcare systems and society at large due to their links to impairments in
interpersonal relationships, vocational functioning, and overall quality of
life (Xiong et al., 2022).
Psychotherapy and medication are often used in conventional treatments
for anxiety disorders. In particular, cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT),
which addresses maladaptive thought patterns and behaviours, has shown
effectiveness in assisting people in managing their feelings of anxiety.
Furthermore, antidepressant drugs like benzodiazepines and selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently administered to treat anxiety
symptoms. Although many people find these therapies successful, they do have
certain drawbacks. Adverse consequences from pharmacological therapies for anxiety
disorders include drowsiness, cognitive impairment, and the possibility of
dependency or withdrawal. Moreover, some people might not receive enough
symptom alleviation or could choose different strategies that are consistent
with their own values and beliefs (Garakani et al., 2020).
As a result, research into complementary and alternative anxiety
therapies, such as herbal medicines, is gaining traction. For millennia, herbal
remedies have been used for their alleged medical benefits, which include the
ability to reduce anxiety, in a variety of civilisations. Traditionally, plants
like passionflower (Passiflora incarnata), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla),
and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) have been used to induce calm and reduce
anxiety symptoms. Although there is currently conflicting scientific data about
the effectiveness of these herbs, early research and anecdotal evidence point
to possible advantages for certain people (Fonseca et al., 2020).
The growing acceptance of herbal treatments for anxiety emphasises the
necessity of thorough scientific review in order to guide evidence-based
treatment. Researching herbal therapies has several difficulties, too, such as
the need to standardise preparations, variations in the bioactive components,
and methodological constraints in study design. Despite these obstacles, a significant
corpus of research is being done on the benefits of herbs for anxiety,
necessitating a thorough review to summarise what is known and pinpoint areas
in need of further study.
This research
seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the scholarly literature on the
effects of herbs on the psychological conditions of anxiousness.
Bibliometric analysis provides insights into important authors, research
trends, critical concepts, and knowledge gaps by statistically examining
publications in a particular field or subject. This study intends to inform
clinical practice, research goals, and policy considerations relating to herbal
therapies for anxiety by summarising and analyzing available evidence. The
attention to herbal medicines for anxiety is justified by the possibility that
they might be more easily accessed, less expensive, and have fewer side effects
than pharmaceutical treatments.
RESEARCHED METHODS
This research
uses the Bibliometric analysis method. Bibliometric analysis for a variety of
reasons, such as to identify new trends in the performance
of articles and journals, patterns of collaboration, and research components,
as well as to investigate the intellectual framework of a particular field in
the body of existing literature (Verma & Gustafsson, 2020). The primary data used in bibliometric analysis is
typically large (thousands, even thousands) and objective (number of
publications and citations, occurrences of keywords, themes). However,
interpretations of the data frequently depend on both objective (performance
analysis, for example) and subjective (thematic analysis) assessments that are
developed through well-informed techniques and procedures. Put differently, bibliometric analysis helps make
sense of massive amounts of unstructured data in a rigorous manner, which is
helpful for mapping and interpreting the cumulative scientific knowledge and
evolutionary subtleties of well-established areas (Donthu et al., 2021).
Therefore, well-executed bibliometric studies can lay the groundwork for
advancing a field in fresh and significant ways by giving scholars the ability
to (1) obtain a comprehensive overview, (2) identify knowledge gaps, (3) derive
fresh ideas for research, and (4) position their intended contribution to the
field (Donthu et al., 2021). Bibliometric analysis was carried out using
VOSviewer software with data taken from the Scopus database. Data was taken by
searching for keywords that were appropriate to this research, namely
"herbal", "anxiety", and "psychology".
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Data
analysis was carried out using Vos Viewer software. Journals from the Scopus
database were collected, and this research filtered the journals into 100
journals, which were used for data analysis. The following are the results of the
data analysis.
Figure 1. Journal
Author Analysis
Based
on the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the author names most
frequently found in this research data are Cujipers and Pim, then Costese and
Samuele, Fusar-Poli and Poulo, Howes and Oliver, and Eickhoff and Simon.
Figure 2. Keyword Analysis In Journals
Based
on the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the keywords that often
appear in this analysis are humans, child, female, mental health, anxiety,
depression, quality of life, cognition, middle aged, young adult, bipolar
disorder, cognitive dysfunction, brain, psychology. This shows that herbs have
an influence on anxiety.
A number of important conclusions about the state of the study on herbal
treatments for anxiety in psychological problems are revealed by the analysis's
results. The ramifications of the found author patterns and popular keywords will
be thoroughly discussed, providing insight into the implications for future
paths in research and clinical practice.
The examination identifies a number of well-known writers who have made
substantial contributions to the body of knowledge on herbal treatments for
anxiety in psychiatric situations. Prominent personalities in this field of
study include Cuijpers and Pim, Costese and Samuele, Fusar-Poli and Poulo, Howes and
Oliver, and Eickhoff and Simon. The variety of viewpoints and methodological
philosophies that these writers probably represent adds to the depth and scope
of the academic conversation.
The eminence of these writers highlights the multidisciplinary character
of studies on herbal remedies for anxiety, encompassing domains like
pharmacology, psychology, psychiatry, and neuroscience. Their contributions may
include a variety of study formats, such as mechanistic studies, systematic
reviews, and clinical trials, providing a thorough understanding of the impact of herbs
on psychological health. Co-authorship
patterns indicate that these writers collaborate, which may promote
methodological rigour, creativity in research methodology, and idea sharing.
Additionally, the creation of evidence-based recommendations and best
practices for incorporating herbal treatments into clinical care for people
with anxiety disorders may benefit from their combined experience.
Herbal for Anxiety In Psychology Case
The pharmacological characteristics of botanical substances, individual
variations in treatment response, and the interaction between psychological and
physiological processes are only a few of the variables that might impact the
complex and varied consequences of herbal therapies for anxiety in psychology
patients. This conversation examines how herbal medicines may affect anxiety
symptoms in the context of clinical psychology and treatment. Herbal treatments
that modulate neurotransmitter systems and neuroendocrine pathways, such as lavender,
chamomile, and passionflower, include bioactive components that have anxiolytic
effects. These plants may function as GABA receptor agonists or modulators,
enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission and lowering anxiety-related neuronal
hyperactivity. Furthermore, herbal medicines with adaptogenic qualities, such as
Rhodiola rosea and ashwagandha, may improve resistance to stress and lessen its
physiological effects (Wróbel-Biedrawa & Podolak, 2024).
In addition to their pharmacological effects, herbal remedies for
anxiety may provide psychological advantages, including lowered stress levels,
enhanced mood, and relaxation. Aromatherapy, which uses essential oils from
herbs like bergamot and lavender, has been demonstrated to promote sensations
of peace and relaxation. This suggests that aromatherapy may be used in
conjunction with psychotherapy therapies that attempt to promote emotional
regulation and lessen anxiety-related cognitive distortions.
Additionally, the ceremonial nature of preparing and consuming herbal
remedies may strengthen psychological support and placebo effects, improving
treatment adherence and perceived efficacy. Psychological therapies for
anxiety, including acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), mindfulness-based
approaches, and cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), can use herbal remedies. For instance, the supplementary use of anxiolytic
herbs may be beneficial for those undergoing exposure therapy for certain
phobias in order to reduce anticipatory anxiety and promote habituation to
feared stimuli. In a similar vein, herbal teas or supplements combined with
mindfulness exercises can improve awareness of the present moment and make it
easier to accept uncomfortable thoughts and feelings (Marais et al., 2020).
Aromatherapy is one herb that can help reduce anxiety. Aromatherapy is a
body care and alternative medicine technique that primarily use fragrant plant
essences. There are other ways to use aromatherapy treatment, but the most
popular one is inhalation, which involves inserting cotton wool with six drops
of aromatherapy on it and holding it in front of the nose at a distance of two
centimeters for four minutes. Aromatherapy releases a number of molecules into
the atmosphere during the inhaling process in the form of chemically-laden water
vapor. The body will absorb the steam through the
nose and lungs, and it will then enter the bloodstream and limbic system of the
brain. The limbic system is in charge of the body's integration system,
emotional expression, learning, memory, and emotional regulation, as well as
physical stimulation that helps to relax it (Peday, Y., & Watini, 2022).
Mentha piperita L. One fragrant plant in the Lamiaceae family is
peppermint. This plant is frequently utilized in medicinal applications,
flavorings, and fragrances. A component found in peppermint called menthol
enhances scent perception and lowers corticotropin-releasing hormone, which in
turn lowers adrenal gland output of cortisol and lessens anxiety (Hamzeh, Safari-Faramani, & Khatony,
2020). Family Asteraceae includes Matricia Chamomilla L (Chamomilla recutita
(L) Rauschert). Due to its calming properties and ability to alleviate anxiety,
chamomile flower essential oil can be quite useful in aromatherapy. When older
adults with anxiety are given essential oils, their anxiety levels diminish. The elderly were given chamomile essential oil for
seven days and fifteen minutes, and the results of the Wilconxon test indicated
a substantial change between the pre- and post-treatment periods (Selvita Berlian Desta, 2020).
The family Annonaceae includes the cananga Odorata (Lam), often known as
ylang ylang flower. Linalool and (E)-Caryophyllene, the components of ylang
ylang essential oil, have the ability to lessen anxiety. One of them is worry
about how old people and patients would sleep the night before having a tooth
out. When older patients with anxiety disorders use essential oils, their sleep
quality improves and their anxiety levels decline. When responders who suffered
from anxiety were given ylang ylang essential oil, there was a noticeable
difference between the two times. Similar results were seen in patients'
anxiety levels before to tooth extraction; those who inhaled ylang-ylang essential
oil reported feeling less anxious (Amelia & Rubiyanto, 2020).
Citrus auratium, sometimes referred to as bitter orange, is a member of
the citrus genus and family Rutaceae. In addition to flavonoids and psynerin,
which have anti-depressant properties, bitter orange includes limonene,
linalool, linalyl acetate, geranyl acetate, geraniol, nerol, and neryl acetate,
all of which have sedative and anti-anxiety effects (Kamalifard, Khalili, Namadian, Herizchi,
& Ranjbar, 2017). According to research by (Abdollahi & Mobadery, 2020), patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may experience
a reduction in anxiety when they inhale eight drops of bitter orange essential
oil, dribble it over cotton wool, and wear it on their shirt collar. According to the treatment's outcomes, anxiety levels
significantly decreased both before and after bitter orange essential oil was
administered.
Cymbopogon ciratus (DC.) The essential oil of the lemongrass plant is
one of the most significant essential oil kinds and is used extensively
worldwide. It is a member of the Poaceae family (Kuete, 2017). Citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol are the
primary ingredients in lemongrass oil. The calming and hypnotic properties of
the lemongrass plant help lessen depressive symptoms, which are brought on by
weariness and stress, and enhance the quality of sleep. The plant known as rosemary, or Rosemarinus
officinalis L., is a member of the Lamiaceae family. The primary constituents
of rosemary aromatherapy oil are 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, camphor, and
β-pinene. You may use the rosemary herb as an addition to cuisine or as a
tea.
In addition, it may be applied to aromatherapy. (Peday, Y., & Watini, 2022) studied how aromatherapy containing rosemary might
lower preschoolers' anxiety levels brought on by hospital stays. Anxiety levels
decreased both before and after the children received therapy.
CONCLUSION
In summary, herbal
remedies are a viable means of supplementing psychological therapy and
fostering overall well-being while reducing anxiety in psychological problems.
Clinicians can provide individualized treatment plans that address the complex
character of anxiety disorders and maximize therapy results for patients
seeking relief from anxiety symptoms by fusing pharmacological and
psychological viewpoints. In psychological circumstances, the link between
herbal therapies for anxiety entails integrating herbal and psychological
viewpoints to address the intricate interaction of behavioral, affective,
cognitive, and neurobiological components that underlie anxiety disorders.
Clinicians may provide complete treatment methods that support symptom reduction,
resilience, and general psychological well-being by integrating evidence-based
strategies from both areas.
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Copyright Holder: Salsabila Shafiya1, Irma Finurina
Mustikawati2, Paramita Septianawati3, Glorio Immanuel4
(2024) |
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First Publication Right: Jurnal Health Sains |
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